И нико да пренесе: „Рекордан месечни пораст цена примарних производа у претходних 36 година!“

У марту 2026. године укупан индекс цена примарних производа повећан је за 18,7% у односу на фебруар 2026. У односу на март 2025. повећан је за 30,5%. У односу на највећу вредност индекса, достигнуту у августу 2022, био је мањи за 9,6%.

У претходних више од 36 година, од јануара 1990. године, месечни раст цена примарних производа од 18,7% је рекордни. Досадашњи рекорд био је 17,9% из марта 2022, а претходни је био из августа 1991. године (+14,8%).

Март и април 2026. вероватно су рекордни месеци према збирним променама индекса у оба правца (раст и смањење), не само примарних производа, већи и на берзама акција, валута и других финансијских инструмената и „производа“. Овај рај за шпекуланте, да се цене мењају по неколико процената дневно, омогућио је зараду вредну десетине и стотине милијарди долара милијардерима и финансијским институцијама.

ММФ и прорачуни аутора

Месечни раст цена за 18,7% био је резултат повећања цена  хране за 2,2% и енергије за 52,2%, док су цене метала смањене за 1,7%.

Храна

У односу на март 2025, укупне цене примарних производа повећане су за 30,5%, при чему су цене метала повећане за 45,9%, енергије за 40,2%, док су цене хране смањене за 0,7%.

У односу на рекордни ниво постигнутих индекса,  храна је била за 15,0% испод тог нивоа, метали испод за 1,7% а енергија је била мања за 35,6% (захваљујући природном гасу који је био за 70% испод, и угљу за 67,9%, док је сирова нафта само 9% испод рекордног нивоа.

Историјски рекордан ниво цена у марту имала је говедина.

Ово су све, наравно, номинални индекси. Реални индекси, кориговани за раст потрошачких цена и цена индустријских производа, били су знатно испод рекордних нивоа.

2026M3Maxu % Max-am1m12
All Commodity Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes both Fuel and Non-Fuel Price Indices218,8241,990,4118,7130,5
Commodities for Index: All, excluding Gold, 2016 = 100199,5253,378,8124,9125,0
Non-Fuel Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Precious Metal,  Food and Beverages and Industrial Inputs Price Indices202,6202,6100,0100,4123,4
Food and Beverage Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Food and Beverage Price Indices138,0162,385,0102,299,3
Food Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Cereal, Vegetable Oils, Meat, Seafood, Sugar, and Other Food (Apple (non-citrus fruit), Bananas, Chana (legumes), Fishmeal, Groundnuts, Milk (dairy), Tomato (veg)) Price Indices135,5165,881,7102,6105,0
Beverage Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Coffee, Tea, and Cocoa167,9276,560,798,765,3
Industrial Inputs Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Agricultural Raw Materials and Base Metals Price Indices190,2221,186,0101,4115,9
Agriculture Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Food and Beverages and Agriculture Raw Materials Price Indices134,1158,684,6102,299,6
Agricultural Raw Materials Index, 2016 = 100, includes Timber, Cotton, Wool, Rubber, and Hides Price Indices108,0187,157,7102,0102,3
All Metals Index, 2016 = 100: includes Metal Price Index (Base Metals) and Precious Metals Index304,4309,798,398,3145,9
Base Metals Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Aluminum, Cobalt, Copper, Iron Ore, Lead, Molybdenum, Nickel, Tin, Uranium and Zinc Price Indices222,9238,893,3101,3119,0
Precious Metals Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Gold, Silver, Palladium and Platinum Price Indices383,2396,396,796,7167,2
All Metals EX GOLD Index, 2016 = 100: includes Metal Price Index (Base Metals) and ONLY Silver, Palladium, Platinum235,5243,096,9100,1128,1
Fertilizer Index, 2016 = 100, includes DAP, Potash, UREA227,0349,065,0119,9136,7
Fuel (Energy) Index, 2016 = 100, includes Crude oil (petroleum), Natural Gas, Coal Price and Propane Indices242,3376,464,4152,2140,2
Crude Oil (petroleum), Price index, 2016 = 100, simple average of three spot prices; Dated Brent, West Texas Intermediate, and the Dubai Fateh250,7275,491,0159,1145,9
Natural Gas Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes European, Japanese, and American Natural Gas Price Indices268,2893,130,0153,3125,6
Coal Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Australian and South African Coal185,4577,632,1113,2130,1
Aluminum, 99.5% minimum purity, LME spot price, CIF UK ports, US$ per metric ton3373,03498,496,4110,0127,2
Bananas, Central American and Ecuador, FOB U.S. Ports, US$ per metric ton1215,51685,172,1100,0102,3
Barley, Canadian no.1 Western Barley, spot price, US$ per metric ton117,2263,044,699,5106,1
Beef, Australian and New Zealand 85% lean fores, CIF U.S. import price, US cents per pound349,8349,8100,0101,5119,7
Coal, Australian thermal coal, 12,000- btu/pound, less than 1% sulfur, 14% ash, FOB Newcastle/Port Kembla, US$ per metric ton140,1467,829,9114,6133,7
Coal, South African export price, US$ per metric ton110,1332,833,1111,5126,1
Cocoa beans, International Cocoa Organization cash price, CIF US and European ports, US$ per metric ton3241,510710,330,390,440,1
Coffee, Other Mild Arabicas, International Coffee Organization New York cash price, ex-dock New York, US cents per pound334,1409,781,6104,082,7
Coffee, Robusta, International Coffee Organization New York cash price, ex-dock New York, US cents per pound176,8263,067,298,468,6
Rapeseed oil, crude, fob Rotterdam, US$ per metric ton1318,42290,757,6103,5112,9
Copper, grade A cathode, LME spot price, CIF European ports, US$ per metric ton12528,712986,696,596,7128,7
Cotton, Cotton Outlook ‘A Index’, Middling 1-3/32 inch staple, CIF Liverpool, US cents per pound76,9229,733,5104,099,1
Fishmeal, Peru Fish meal/pellets 65% protein, CIF, US$ per metric ton1992,02388,683,499,1140,9
Groundnuts (peanuts), 40/50 (40 to 50 count per ounce), cif Argentina, US$ per metric ton2448,22701,890,6100,9102,1
Hides, Heavy native steers, over 53 pounds, wholesale dealer’s price, US, Chicago, fob Shipping Point, US cents per pound57,2110,951,697,795,0
China import Iron Ore Fines 62% FE spot (CFR Tianjin port), US dollars per metric ton107,6215,849,8106,5103,8
Lamb, frozen carcass Smithfield London, US cents per pound166,7169,298,598,5119,7
Lead, 99.97% pure, LME spot price, CIF European Ports, US$ per metric ton1878,23722,650,598,092,5
Soft Logs, Average Export price from the U.S. for Douglas Fir, US$ per cubic meter175,8296,559,3100,090,8
Hard Logs, Best quality Malaysian meranti, import price Japan, US$ per cubic meter187,6520,836,097,894,0
Maize (corn), U.S. No.2 Yellow, FOB Gulf of Mexico, U.S. price, US$ per metric ton213,3348,561,2101,3102,7
Natural Gas, Netherlands TTF Natural Gas Forward Day Ahead, US$ per Million Metric British Thermal Unit17,770,025,3157,9134,3
Natural Gas, Indonesian Liquefied Natural Gas in Japan, US$ per Million Metric British Thermal Unit20,854,238,4193,6158,7
Natural Gas, Natural Gas spot price at the Henry Hub terminal in Louisiana, US$ per Million Metric British Thermal Unit3,013,622,396,573,4
Nickel, melting grade, LME spot price, CIF European ports, US$ per metric ton17076,351783,333,099,4106,4
Crude Oil (petroleum), Price index, 2016 = 100, simple average of three spot prices; Dated Brent, West Texas Intermediate, and the Dubai Fateh105,8132,579,8156,9149,1
Crude Oil (petroleum),  Dated Brent, light blend 38 API, fob U.K., US$ per barrel99,4133,674,4143,2138,6
Crude Oil (petroleum), Dubai Fateh Fateh 32 API, US$ per barrel126,7130,197,4184,9173,6
Crude Oil (petroleum), West Texas Intermediate 40 API, Midland Texas, US$ per barrel91,4134,068,2141,8133,9
Olive Oil, extra virgin less than 1% free fatty acid, ex-tanker price U.K., US$ per metric ton6069,010281,459,098,7114,3
Generic 1st ‘JO’ Future, USD/lb1,85,135,5101,366,7
Palm oil, Malaysia Palm Oil Futures (first contract forward) 4-5 percent FFA, US$ per metric ton1121,21652,767,8108,5106,1
Swine (pork), 51-52% lean Hogs, U.S. price, US cents per pound.88,7128,768,9104,5101,7
Poultry (chicken), Whole bird spot price, Ready-to-cook, whole, iced, Georgia docks, US cents per pound168,4228,073,9101,197,1
Rice, 5 percent broken milled white rice, Thailand nominal price quote, US$ per metric ton394,0629,162,6100,194,5
Rubber, Singapore Commodity Exchange, No. 3 Rubber Smoked Sheets, 1st contract, US cents per pound110,4280,839,3106,9101,6
Fish (salmon), Farm Bred Norwegian Salmon, export price, US$ per kilogram9,311,282,6100,9111,4
Hard Sawnwood, Dark Red Meranti, select and better quality, C&F U.K port, US$ per cubic meter726,9973,674,798,2103,3
Soft Sawnwood, average export price of Douglas Fir, U.S. Price, US$ per cubic meter304,0466,065,2100,091,4
Thailand Whiteleg Shrimp 70 Shrimps/Kg Spot Price7,210,766,996,599,3
Soybean Meal, Chicago Soybean Meal Futures (first contract forward) Minimum 48 percent protein, US$ per metric ton312,4585,853,3108,695,9
Soybean Oil, Chicago Soybean Oil Futures (first contract forward) exchange approved grades, US$ per metric ton1420,01838,977,2114,4151,6
Soybeans, U.S. soybeans, Chicago Soybean futures contract (first contract forward) No. 2 yellow and par, US$ per metric ton426,6622,968,5104,2115,5
Sugar, Free Market, Coffee Sugar and Cocoa Exchange (CSCE) contract no.11 nearest future position, US cents per pound14,829,749,8104,277,6
Sugar, U.S. import price, contract no.14 nearest futures position, US cents per pound (Footnote: No. 14 revised to No. 16)33,444,774,7105,089,3
Sunflower oil, Sunflower Oil, US export price from Gulf of Mexico, US$ per metric ton1738,92536,668,6100,3118,3
Tea, Mombasa, Kenya, Auction Price, US cents per kilogram, From July 1998,Kenya auctions, Best Pekoe Fannings. Prior, London auctions, c.i.f. U.K. warehouses289,9403,071,995,790,3
Tin, standard grade, LME spot price, US$ per metric ton47323,749133,896,397,2138,5
Uranium, NUEXCO, Restricted Price, Nuexco exchange spot, US$ per pound68,8136,250,596,5132,7
Wheat, No.1 Hard Red Winter, ordinary protein, Kansas City, US$ per metric ton193,9444,243,7110,9107,9
Generic 1st ‘O ‘ Future, USD/bushel3,47,445,4100,192,4
Sorghum; U.S., Number 2 yellow, fob Gulf of Mexico, US cents per pound9,419,049,4110,799,0
Wool, coarse, 23 micron, Australian Wool Exchange spot quote, US cents per kilogram1454,21689,886,1102,1154,2
Wool, fine, 19 micron, Australian Wool Exchange spot quote, US cents per kilogram1538,71865,482,5104,5158,1
Zinc, high grade 98% pure, US$ per metric ton3182,34381,472,695,7110,2
Molybdenum, 57 to 63% purity contained in roasted molybdenum concentrate, LME spot price, USD/ton64485,282452,978,2100,8125,3
Cobalt, minimum 99.80% purity, LME spot price, USD/ton55849,495022,958,8100,0177,1
Gold, Fixing Committee of the London Bullion Market Association, London 3 PM fixed price, US$ per troy ounce4862,85014,697,097,0162,8
Silver, London Bullion Market Association, USD/troy ounce78,591,286,095,1236,5
Palladium, LME spot price, USD/ troy ounce1556,02873,154,289,7162,4
Platinum, LME spot price, USD/troy ounce2054,12414,485,195,9209,6
North American Spot LPG Propane Price/Mont Belvieu LST0,71,939,3119,484,2
US Gulf NOLA Urea Granular Spot Price, USD/ST378,0662,857,0143,7169,5
Potassium Chloride (Muriate of Potash) Standard Grade: FOB Vancouver Spot Price, USD/metric tonne417,7809,251,6102,2121,6
US Gulf NOLA DAP Export Spot Price per MT, USD/metric tonne710,11182,660,0102,2105,1
Monthly average consumer prices in metropolitan France – Tomatoes (1 Kg), EUR4,95,687,597,6111,9
USDA Class 3 (formerly known as Basic Formula) Milk Spot Price, USD/cwt21,529,273,7122,4101,9
MCX India Chana Spot, INR/100 Kgs58,0157,436,994,489,9
Monthly average consumer prices in metropolitan France – Apples (1 Kg), EUR3,34,574,297,6103,8
Chromium =99.2%, Coarse Particle10541,912224,586,2101,4117,9
Energy Transition Metal Index239,4248,596,398,6133,7
Lithium Metal =99%, Battery Grade155400,7490008,231,7104,2173,5
Manganese Electro CIF NWE (US$/MT)2855,07507,138,0103,2137,7
Rare Earth Carbonate REO 42-45 Dom.9059,413256,068,393,2183,0
Silicon Lumps CIF NWE (US$/MT)1948,05750,033,994,572,1
Vanadium Pentoxide CIF NWE12235,660627,120,292,886,3

Корисно је подсетити се и ко има користи када цене примарних производа падају:

Руски извозни губици због пада цена примарних производа 2014-2021.

Мирослав Здравковић / Макроекономија

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